Discussion: View Thread

Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

  • 1.  Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 03-02-2023 15:11

    Read this is in a report written by a "CRC" credentialed individual.

     Dr X has recommended that the "individual" is to remain off work and not perform any lifting activities.

    The medical opinion that an individual is to remain off work or is unlikely to return to work does not provide any objective guideline for assessing vocational capacity. (agreed - no release, no work)

    These are vocational opinions and not generally within the scope and practice of medical doctors. (WHAT?)

    ....

    The most reasonable and objective method for assessing whether an individual can work and earn wages is to receive medical information that outlines what an individual is able to do safely without causing harm to himself or others... ( well of course)



    ------------------------------
    Beth Pasikowski
    Vocational Case Manager
    bethp2021@mail.com
    Michigan
    ------------------------------


  • 2.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 03-03-2023 11:29

    Well, for example, at a Social Security hearing, an ALJ would not accept a "no work" opinion from a Medical Doctor as the doctor is not a vocational expert familiar with all occupations that exist in the labor market, hence the purpose of having vocational experts at disability hearings.  The Social Security Administration requires a residual functional capacity completed so a vocational expert may then evaluate one's vocational profile and determine employability issues (aka jobs that exist in the national economy),  a knowledge base not within the scope of Medical Doctor.  

    This is true for all litigated and non litigated vocational rehab work. 

    In my opinion, it is proper for a vocational rehabilitation consultant, outside of post acute injury, to pursue residual functional capacity opinions as opposed to blanket statement opinions from physicians regarding ability to work.  Otherwise, what is the point of vocational rehabilitation?

    Ms. Pasikowski, please feel free to contact me directly if you would like to discuss further.  

    Erin O'Callaghan, BS, MA, JD, LPC, CRC, NCC, CLCP

    erinocallaghan@eorehab.com 



    ------------------------------
    Erin O'Callaghan
    Rehabilitation Consultant/Life Care Planner
    erinocallaghan@eorehab.com
    Rochester Hills, MI United States
    ------------------------------



  • 3.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 03-04-2023 12:07

    In VE forensics outside of SSVE it seems to me that there is a distinct growing trend to by some incompetent "experts" to merely accept an MD opinion that the individual is "unable to work". There is often zero attempt by the incompetent VE or unknowing or perhaps lazy attorney to obtain from the MD (or via FCE) specific, objective physical and/or mental work capacities. "Experts" who do that are failing to use a VR/VE 101 fundamental, any greenhorn knows, standard required method. There is no basis to support their favored "method" (of absence of method) that I can find, anywhere. It is a really quite excellent way for an expert to damage the attorney case. Sometimes of course once the work capacities are identified the VE may have basis to agree with the MD generic opinion. Sometimes injuries are so severe that you can be tempted not to seek to establish work capacities. But it is wise to do so.



    ------------------------------
    Scott T. Stipe, MA, CRC, CDMS, IPEC, D/ABVE
    Certified Rehabilitation Counselor
    Board Certified Vocational Expert
    Scott Stipe & Associates, Inc.
    DBA Career Directions Northwest
    4110 SE Hawthorne Blvd
    #188
    Portland, Oregon, 97214
    (503)234-4484
    (503)234-4126 fax
    email: sstipe@careerdirectionsnw.com
    website: www.careerdirectionsnw.com
    ------------------------------



  • 4.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 03-04-2023 12:31

    Unfortunately, I often come across VE's who defer to MD's on the suitability of occupations. Usually, those are defence reports. In doing so, those VE's abdicate their expertise to medical experts who are really not qualified to comment on employability. We are the experts who interpret medical impairments into vocational impairments. Medical experts should confine themselves to identifying physical impairments or psychological, in the case of psychologists or psychiatrists. This problem is compounded by the fact that insurers in Canada continue on asking MD's to opine on employability, something they should stop doing.

    When I come across an MD who comment on employability, I focus instead on what physical impairments have been identified.



    ------------------------------
    Francois Paradis
    Certified Vocational Evaluator
    francois@career-options.ca
    Toronto, ON Canada
    ------------------------------



  • 5.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 03-04-2023 12:58

    Yes. A claims examiner, or an attorney requesting an IME asking Dr. Smith if Joe can do this or that occupation or work at all (w/o any identification of work capacities), or Dr. Smith then answering, is one thing as they are not VEs. The dimwit VE who merely accepts such is basing his/her "expert" opinion on an opinion from another expert (who is opining outside of expertise/domain). A double error. 



    ------------------------------
    Scott T. Stipe, MA, CRC, CDMS, IPEC, D/ABVE
    Certified Rehabilitation Counselor
    Board Certified Vocational Expert
    Scott Stipe & Associates, Inc.
    DBA Career Directions Northwest
    4110 SE Hawthorne Blvd
    #188
    Portland, Oregon, 97214
    (503)234-4484
    (503)234-4126 fax
    email: sstipe@careerdirectionsnw.com
    website: www.careerdirectionsnw.com
    ------------------------------



  • 6.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 03-04-2023 14:19

    It seems that forever, doctors were and are asked to write notes for getting out of school, or getting out of gym class.  And even returning to such.  A doctor's note is needed to clear a student athlete to compete in sports, claim insurance on an airfare ticket that was not used, due to sickness or impairment, or to use a sick day at work.   In workers' comp, we learned years ago to give a job description (most times only a job title!) to a doctor and ask about RTW.  

    So, not that I intend to defend docs here, but the precedent for their opinion (outside of giving an impairment rating) is well set, and continues.  Regardless of if it may be outside of their scope of practice.   This notion or precedent does not go away lightly.

    As VRC's however, this is one place where "any layperson's knowledge" and the use of standards for the general public just do not suit in our disability cases- placement or litigation.  I agree, otherwise it begs the question-- why do VRC's exist at all?

    I often rely upon this is my cases, and in rebutting the opinion of others involved in a mutual case, the following fact:  

    1. In 1991, The U.S. District Court [1] ruled that medical doctors are not experts in vocational matters.  Specifically, the Court said in this case that: "… The qualifications of Drs. xxxx and yyyy in the medical field in no way qualified either physician to speak as a vocational expert."
    My own ramification to this is that while a doctor may limit one's lifting, that does not entitle them to address jobs or occs that require any lifting; that is unless there exists at least his/her own specific education about a job-- and not what they "think" work outside of their world consist of.  (Docs also rarely consider "reasonable accommodation of the ADA, unless purposely prodded to do.)   Why are we not more frequently recommending a Daubert challenge when we see this done?   Talk about another's "overreach!"  If we don't challenge this when we see it, others well may not either.   I think this is one of the places for VRC's -yes, VRC's, and not lawyers, and not the courts- to take it forward.

    [1] Carl B. Adams v. Margaret M. Heckler



    ------------------------------
    Bob Paré, MS, CRC, LRC, CDMS, FVE, ABVE/D
    rpare@consultativerehab.com
    Mt. Laurel, NJ. Tel: 609-531-2529
    ------------------------------



  • 7.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 03-04-2023 15:20
    Bob, I really appreciate your sharing this citation.  I often have cases where physicians make the blanket statement that Mr./Ms. xxx cannot work.  This is not their position - it is ours.  They are there to say what someone's capacity is - we can then take this information to identify potential jobs.  I still do some work comp work.  I develop job analyses for this very purpose - to let the physician see exactly what is required to physically perform this job.  THEN, the doc can say yay or nay.  But it is our job to identify the work and their job to determine what is physically appropriate.  


    Katherine S. Dunlap, MS, LCPC, CRC, CLCP
    Dunlap Rehabilitation Services LLC
    PO Box 1826
    Livingston, MT 59047
    she/her
    406-222-0814
    866-354-9411 fax
    dunlaprehab@gmail.com

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  • 8.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 03-04-2023 16:01

    Katherine,

     

    Physicians routinely opine on whether some one can work or not from the medical perspective.  Like restrictions of not working more than 2 hours a day and taking breaks every 30 minutes.  Such opinions can lay foundation for inability to work.  I often see MDs saying in their opinion the evaluee is not employable but they defer to a vocational evaluator/expert.

     

    Blanket statements that are unsupported usually do not carry weight.  I see this in SSA decisions where some doctor opined that the employee could work at Light and the ALJ trumped the physician by showing how the medical records do not support that.  Eventually it is the decision of the Trier of Facts (judge or jury).

     

    This goes to the uniqueness of each case.

     

    Some prior commentary about "incompetent" doctors or vocational experts are not helpful in this regard.  Either there is foundation or there is not, for certain opinions.  Litigated settings, even the SSA, have biases that need to be examined.  But doctors can certainly opine if they believe a patient lacks the physical, intellectual, or emotional ability to work, from their medical perspective.  In California WC, legislation was passed to note that even if that is the case, a vocational examination is still required, thus, safeguarding the process.

     

    Best

     

    Enrique N. Vega, MS

    Rehabilitation Consultant

    Disability Management Specialist

    20700 Ventura Blvd., Ste. 220

    Woodland Hills, CA 91364

    (818) 430-3820 Ph.

    (818) 346-3322 Fx.

    Email: enrique@accesswork.net

     






  • 9.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 03-04-2023 16:14

    So in circling back to my original question-


    The medical opinion that an individual is to remain off work or is unlikely to return to work does not provide any objective guideline for assessing vocational capacity. (agreed - no release, no work)

    These are vocational opinions and not generally within the scope and practice of medical doctors. (WHAT?)


    I am of the opinion that off work is a medical practitioners opinion, not ours- for instance 12-52 weeks post fusion, the essential work duties specify the need to be off of work- obviously- rtw is quicker for a sedentary - sit/stand option position  vs a plumber or lineman- 

    Yes, our job is/can be to suggest an FCE or present a job description/ job analysis to facilitate a release to rtw prior to mmi to work or alternate forms of work and then to facilitate 

    What my query was directed to was the statement that off work is a vocational opinion- in this I strongly disagree.

    Application of restrictions to the field of work is a vocational opinion -

    Determining restrictions is not 


    As per the CRCC scope of practice :


    APPRAISAL

    Selecting, administering, scoring, and interpreting instruments designed to assess an individual's aptitudes, abilities, achievements, interests, personal characteristics, disabilities, and mental, emotional, or behavioral disorders as well as the use of methods and techniques for understanding human behavior in relation to coping with, adapting to, or changing life situations.


    DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT PLANNING

    Assessing, analyzing, and providing diagnostic descriptions of mental, emotional, or behavioral conditions or disabilities; exploring possible solutions; and developing and implementing a treatment plan for mental, emotional, and psychosocial adjustment or development. Diagnosis and treatment planning shall not be construed to permit the performance of any act that rehabilitation counselors are not educated and trained to perform.


    CASE MANAGEMENT

    A systematic process merging counseling and managerial concepts and skills through the application of techniques derived from intuitive and researched methods, thereby advancing efficient and effective decision-making for functional control of self, client, setting, and other relevant factors for anchoring a proactive practice. In case management, the counselor's role is focused on interviewing, counseling, planning rehabilitation programs, coordinating services, interacting with significant others, placing clients and following up with them, monitoring progress, and solving problems.




    Beth-






  • 10.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 03-04-2023 16:48

    Agree on all counts. 

     

    Physicians can and do routinely provide Off Work notices that are typically temporary in nature.  They are not to be confused with an assessment of total disability. 

     

    Enrique N. Vega, MS

    Rehabilitation Consultant

    Disability Management Specialist

    20700 Ventura Blvd., Ste. 220

    Woodland Hills, CA 91364

    (818) 430-3820 Ph.

    (818) 346-3322 Fx.

    Email: enrique@accesswork.net

     






  • 11.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 03-05-2023 10:10

    Yes, Katherine.  And while it is within the doctor's scope to say that the worker can/not do the lifting (the sitting, the standing, etc.) as needed to perform the physical/mental requirements of the job as you have described it, it is still not within their purview to say (ergo) that s/he cannot do the job itself.   The job itself requires education, skill, aptitude, labor market access etc. of which the doc typically knows nothing about.   It is not merely splitting hairs to limit a doctor to their scope (such as done in the court cite earlier, as well as AMA Guideline), no more than it would be to insist that VRC do the same.   

    As far as the "no work" determination, again, it would be up to the doctor to cite a compelling lack of overall and sustained exertional stamina- with periodic overriding need to rest or sleep, an uncontrolled erratic heartbeat, debilitating fatigue, pain of overriding distraction and discomfort, current impact of medication or injury, chronic and debilitating emotional imbalance, or compromising illness, etc. which result in limiting one's ability to sustain full (or part) time exertion or productivity.  This foundation may lead most anyone to think they may conclude "no work" from a physical or mental perspective, but again, it is the purview of the VRC to go that one step beyond to state how this plays out in the labor market, and especially in judicial proceedings.     

    Our role is to question the doctor in terms of aligning the demands of work exertion against the evaluee's exertional capability; it is not to question the doctor in terms of if the patient can do the JOB or may/not work.  (Or perform household services for that matter.)

    In current and pragmatic context, I think we have a long road ahead of us to get this right.  We are seemingly light years away from the "get out of gym class" mentality.   However, this still needs to be done to honor our craft, to best serve those whom we evaluate, and put or keep things in place (scope of practice) where they rightfully belong.   Many lawyers and judges need to learn this as much as we ourselves do.



    ------------------------------
    Bob Paré, MS, CRC, LRC, CDMS, FVE, ABVE/D
    rpare@consultativerehab.com
    Mt. Laurel, NJ. Tel: 609-531-2529
    ------------------------------



  • 12.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 03-04-2023 16:56

    Bob - I have always seen this case utilized / cited as addressing the controlling factor of "weight" of the medical evidence.

    I did re-read it and yes, it clearly states -

    However, there was no evidence whatsoever as to specific jobs in the Dictionary of Occupational Titles which the government claims plaintiff could perform. Moreover, the qualifications of Drs. Lind and Rhee in the medical field in no way qualify either physician to speak as a vocational expert. The government had the opportunity to secure a vocational expert to rebut plaintiff's claim that he was unable to work. And in order to justify a termination of benefits, it had the duty and the burden of proving plaintiff could perform certain, specified jobs which exist in significant numbers in the national economy. The government has failed to even address this issue.

    Adams v. Heckler, (N.D.Ind. 1984), 580 F. Supp. 315, 322 (N.D. Ind. 1984)

    Nowhere in this decision did it say that they (the docs) opined as to jobs - throughout the entire decision Drs. Lind and Rhee opined that the claimant could perform sedentary work - and this was not determined to have controlling weight.

    So, I get your point - med docs cannot speak as a vocational expert - but the elephant in the room is that they did not - the secretary never hired a VE and that was the ultimate issue - the docs spoke to restrictions and restrictions only - leaving application of restrictions to the VE- which is where this entire conversation began

    Am I missing something?


    Beth-






  • 13.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 03-04-2023 17:30

    Bob or others interested in case law decisions:

     

    A free on-line search exists for case law published from Cornell Law School, called "Legal Information Institute". It is a compendium of legal case decisions with a menu you can do a search by case names, alphabetically posted A-Z. Not subject matter or venue but if you see or hear of some citing by name, you can read the decision yourself.  Experiment with a search like typing in a search for FRYE or DAUBERT and many cases are opened.

     

    I read legal decisions several times per week and am on a forensic economic listserv that publishes old and new case law regarding wage loss, economic expert opinions, or what has been accepted or rejected by many judges at Superior and Federal Courts. It covers Life Care Plans, Economic fights, and Vocational Expert opinions and some obscure economic studies found in legal appeals. It could be a "cure for insomnia" for many readers..........

     

     

    John F. Berg

    Vocational Consulting Inc.

    Seattle, Washington






  • 14.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 05-10-2023 10:53

    Well - few months later and the opinion did not hold up - functioning outside of their lane



    ------------------------------
    Beth Pasikowski
    Vocational Case Manager
    bethp2021@mail.com
    Michigan
    ------------------------------



  • 15.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 05-10-2023 12:07

    Beth (if possible) please provide us all with a case name/reference. We could all then benefit by noting such when we encounter "experts" employing such strategies/error in failing to use standard method.



    ------------------------------
    Scott T. Stipe, MA, CRC, CDMS, IPEC, D/ABVE
    Certified Rehabilitation Counselor
    Board Certified Vocational Expert
    Scott Stipe & Associates, Inc.
    DBA Career Directions Northwest
    4110 SE Hawthorne Blvd
    #188
    Portland, Oregon, 97214
    (503)234-4484
    (503)234-4126 fax
    email: sstipe@careerdirectionsnw.com
    website: www.careerdirectionsnw.com
    ------------------------------



  • 16.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 05-11-2023 10:04

    I agree with many of the opinions expressed in this discussion. 

    Some thoughts:

    1). Prior to MMI, most injured workers have some level of work capacity. When injured workers reach a point of medical stability (not MMI), a partial FCE could be helpful to objectively identify their residual functional abilities to safely perform work activities with "temporary" work restrictions. Partial FCEs can be done periodically as the injured recovers to objectively reevaluate their functional abilities and update their "temporary" work restrictions. Early return to work is therapeutic. Keeping injured workers off work is detrimental both physically and mentally often leading to needless disability. Unfortunately, partial FCEs for this purpose is rarely used. Why? Because most medical doctors aren't asked if the injured worker could participate in a partial FCE with certain restrictions (eg. non-weightbearing on right leg or right arm due to fracture healing). So, why not advocate for a partial FCE to be done much earlier in a WC claim? 

    2). In most cases that I see, when an injured worker has reached MMI their job of injury is no longer available. In these cases an FCE is certainly helpful. So, why not advocate for FCE examiners to review any proposed jobs in the future to assist in safe job placement? In my practice, many of the treating physicians defer review of future job descriptions/job analysis to me for that purpose. 

    As noted in the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, 6th edition (2009): "Most physicians are not trained in assessing the full array of human functional activities and participations that are required for comprehensive disability determinations."

    As noted in the AMA Guide to the Evaluation of Functional Ability (2009): "The physician or provider may determine diagnosis and medical prognosis, but functional testing is more objective than the current use of estimates, commonly called restrictions. In an evidence-based medical model, measurements are preferable to estimates. Thus the objective testing of a worker against work demands (in a reliable and valid manner) provides an evidence base to use in establishing the link between medical diagnosis and gainful employment. When ability to work is limited and disability is questioned, functional and vocational expertise is considered an important component in case determination."

    One study concluded that informing physicians of FCE results prompted a change from physician-assigned restrictions to a higher level of work capacity in Veterans reporting chronic pain.(1)

    Another study found that administering FCEs resulted in the tested individuals reporting perceived function that more closely matched their actual functional abilities.(2)

    In another study, baseline functional data from FCEs were used to develop treatment programs that resulted in improved return to work outcomes.(3)

    (1) Peppers D et al. Influence of functional capacity evaluation on physician's assessment of physical capacity of veterans with chronic pain: a retrospective analysis. PM&R. 2017.

    (2) Schindl M et al. Impact of functional capacity evaluation on patient-reported functional ability: an exploratory diagnostic before-after study. J Occup Rehab. 2019.

    (3) Chen JJ. Functional capacity evaluation and disability. Iowa Orthop J. 2007.



    ------------------------------
    [Steve Allison], [PT, DPT, CME]
    [CEO]
    [sallisondpt@fcexpt.com]
    [Bossier City], [LA] [71112]
    ------------------------------



  • 17.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 05-12-2023 14:55

    As I have mentioned before, I routinely see problems with FCE here. I wonder if most PT and OT even "get" the USDOL definitions since so often I see them conclude that someone can do Medium work, yet in the report limit bending to Occ or never, time on foot to a few minutes at a time/couple hours per day. Or they conclude Light whilst saying nearly no time on foot etc. Then I, the VE, say that is bunk, and why, quoting definitions. Then if I do not get the PT or OT to clarify their error (which is sometimes like pulling teeth) the attorney tries to make me out as "disagreeing with a medical opinion", if it is concurred upon by the MD (who doesn't understand the details of the definitions either. 

    MDs also often concur with FCE but hedge saying something like he may have been able to bend at X level but ought not to do such day in/out or asking for trouble. 

    I prefer the MD to simply complete a checklist of restrictions as is typical in WC, LTD, life in general, etc. 



    ------------------------------
    Scott T. Stipe, MA, CRC, CDMS, IPEC, D/ABVE
    Certified Rehabilitation Counselor
    Board Certified Vocational Expert
    Scott Stipe & Associates, Inc.
    DBA Career Directions Northwest
    4110 SE Hawthorne Blvd
    #188
    Portland, Oregon, 97214
    (503)234-4484
    (503)234-4126 fax
    email: sstipe@careerdirectionsnw.com
    website: www.careerdirectionsnw.com
    ------------------------------



  • 18.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 05-12-2023 16:04

    Scott, your post highlights how we can bring our expertise to bear.  Like you noted, I frequently encounter FCE reports where the overall work capacity is confused with the physical demand level.  Your example of the impact of limited walking eroding the ability to do Light work happens all the time.  I recently had a case where the injured worker lost several fingers on the dominant hand, could only occasionally grip and handle with the dominant hand, and yet the evaluator placed the worker at Light/Medium, with no discussion of the impact of limited use of the dominant hand; not to mention that there is no such category as Light/Medium.  It gives us an opportunity to educate the parties.  I find for the most part that my explanation of the nuances of function and impact on work capacity usually stand up.



    ------------------------------
    Mike McCord
    mike@mccordrehab.com
    Atlanta, GA United States
    ------------------------------



  • 19.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 05-13-2023 10:05

    Did you not notice that Pts and OTs are not vocational experts. They are medical. The part of the FCE report stipulating Medium or Light duty is not relevant. The objective physical assessment with validation of validity is. When I encounter an erroneous final paragraph discussion of residual work capacity, I point out that the physical report defines the work capacity for the VE to work with; not the work level that the medical person is unqualified to determine.

     

    As a result, the determined residual functions stand. The report is not thrown out and, every time, the vocational testimony is accepted, at least on that score.

     

    Best regards,

    Jeff Barrett, M.Ed., CAP. CRC, CVE, CCM
    Options Plus

    optionsplusinc.com
    954-929-9694


    The contents of this e-mail message and any attachments are confidential and are intended solely for the addressee. The information contained herein may be privileged and confidential. If you have received this transmission in error, any use, reproduction or dissemination of this transmission is strictly prohibited. If you are not the intended recipient, please immediately notify the sender by e-mail reply, do not produce copies of this transmission or any attachments, and delete this message and its attachments, if any.

     






  • 20.  RE: Thoughts? Mine are in parentheses

    Posted 05-14-2023 11:05

    Agree. The erroneous conclusion (as in the person can push/pull 35 pounds and lift 25, be on foot 3 hrs/day so therefore must be somehow "able to do medium work") is often attempted to be portrayed as relevant, but is bogus and falls under the definitions. It is merely unprofessional, careless and annoying adding a layer of wasted (albeit billable) time to clarify. 

    Love to all the Moms and Moms to be this day!



    ------------------------------
    Scott T. Stipe, MA, CRC, CDMS, IPEC, D/ABVE
    Certified Rehabilitation Counselor
    Board Certified Vocational Expert
    Scott Stipe & Associates, Inc.
    DBA Career Directions Northwest
    4110 SE Hawthorne Blvd
    #188
    Portland, Oregon, 97214
    (503)234-4484
    (503)234-4126 fax
    email: sstipe@careerdirectionsnw.com
    website: www.careerdirectionsnw.com
    ------------------------------